Our department of 25 faculty, 374 undergraduates, and 167 graduate students welcomes you. Established in 1867, we have a long tradition of excellence in teaching, research, and service.

Waltraud M. Kriven

Waltraud Kriven
Professor of Materials Science and Engineering, Affiliate Professor of Mechanical Science and Engineering, Affiliate Professor of Bioengineering

Office 105 Materials Science and Engineering Building

Telephone 217-333-5258 Fax 217-333-2736

Mail Address Department of Materials Science and Engineering
1304 W. Green St., Urbana, IL 61801

kriven@illinois.edu    Kriven research group page

  • Profile
  • Research
  • Publications
  • Awards

Profile

Waltraud M. Kriven received a PhD in 1976 in Physical and Inorganic Chemistry from the University of Adelaide in South Australia. The B.Sc. (Hons) and Baccalaureate degrees were in Physical and Inorganic Chemistry and Biochemistry, also from Adelaide University. Dr. Kriven spent one year as a Post Doctoral Teaching and Research Fellow in the Chemistry Dept. at the University of Western Ontario in Canada. She then spent three years (1977-1980) jointly at the University of California at Berkeley, and at the Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory. There, Dr. Kriven conducted post-doctoral research in transmission electron microscopy of ceramics and was a Lecturer, teaching Phase Equilibria in the senior undergraduate Ceramics Program of the Dept. of Materials Science and Mineral Engineering. For almost four years (1980-1983) Dr. Kriven was a Visiting Scientist at the Max-Planck-Institute in Stuttgart, Germany. There she studied the mechanism of transformation toughening of composite zirconia-based ceramics by 1 MeV HVEM, while working in the electron microscopy group headed by Dr. M. Rühle. Since Feb 1984, Professor Kriven has been at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. She is a Full Professor of Materials Science and Engineering, an Affiliate Professor of Mechanical Science and Engineering, and an Affiliate Professor of Bioengineering.

Professor Kriven has internationally recognized expertise in the areas of phase transformations in inorganic compounds, their applications in structural ceramic composites, ceramic powder synthesis and processing, and geopolymers. In addition she has made extensive contributions to oxide composites design, microstructure characterization by electron microscopy techniques and phase equilibria. The Kriven group has developed a new technique for in situ, hot stage (up to 2000°C) synchrotron studies of ceramics in air, including an image plate detector capable of taking a high resolution, diffractometry spectrum within 20 sec. She has written or co-authored more than 275 research publications, as well as given or co-authored more than 330 conference presentations. Prof. Kriven has edited or co-edited 18 books to date. She has given ~125 invited lectures (including 25 keynote lectures at international meetings) both nationally and internationally.

Professor Kriven has been elected an Academician in the World Academy of Ceramics (2005), Fellow of the American Ceramic Society (1995), Fellow of the Australian Ceramic Society and has won the Brunauer Award twice (in 1988 and 1991) from the American Ceramic Society for co-authoring the best research papers of the year. Four US patents have been granted. Professor Kriven was Chair of the Engineering Ceramics Division (ECD) of the American Ceramic Society, and Program Chair of the 29th International Cocoa Beach Conference of Advanced Ceramics and Composites, held in January 2005 at Cocoa Beach, Florida.

Curriculum Vitae
Curriculum Vitae condensed

Research

Research Areas

  • Structural ceramic composites and oxide fibers (design, fabrication, characterization and mechanical evaluation)
  • Mechanisms of ferroelasticity and ferroelastic transformations
  • Martensitic transformations in ceramics
  • Microstructure characterization by scanning and transmission electron microscopy (SEM, TEM, EDS, HVEM, HREM, XPS)
  • Bioresorbable nanoceramics for gene and drug delivery, bone and cartilage performs
  • Geopolymers [video]

Professional Affiliations

  • Academician, World Academy of Ceramics (awarded)
  • Fellow of the American Ceramic Society
  • Fellow of the Australian Ceramic Society
  • Member of the Materials Research Society, USA
  • Member of the Electron Microscopy Society of America

Patents

Kriven, W. M., and Kuo, D. H. A High Strength, Flaw Tolerant, Oxide Ceramic Composite. US Patent 5,948,516, issued February 1999.

Kriven, W. M., and Lee, S. J. Toughening of Ceramic Composites by Transformation Weakening of Interphases. US Patent 6,361,888, issued March 2002.

Gülgün, M. A., Kriven, W. M., and Nguyen, M. H. Processes for Preparing Mixed-Oxide Powders. US Patent 6,482,387, issued November 2002.

Kriven, W. M., and Lee, S. J. High Temperature Tolerant Ceramic Composites Having Porous Interphases. US Patent 6,887,569, issued May 3, 2005.

Publications

Selected Publications

“Processes for Preparing Mixed-Oxide Powders,” Inventors: M. A. Gülgün, W. M. Kriven and M. H. Nguyen, US patent number 6,482,387 issued Nov 19th (2002).

“Quadrupole Lamp Furnace for In-situ High Temperature (up to 2050K) Synchrotron Powder X-ray Powder Diffraction Studies in Air,” P. Sarin, W. Yoon, K. Kurkschat, P. Zschack and W. M. Kriven, Review of Scientific Instruments, vol 77 no. 093906 (2006).

“A Curved Image Plate Detector System for High Resolution Synchrotron X-Ray Diffraction,” P. Sarin, R.P. Haggerty, W. Yoon, M. Knapp, A. Berghauser, P. Zschack, E. Karapetrova, N. Yang and W. M. Kriven, J. Synchrotron Radiation, 16 [2] 273-282 (2009).

“Powder Diffraction by Fixed Incident Angle Reflection Using a Curved Position Sensitive Detector,” Ryan P. Haggerty, Pankaj Sarin, Jean-Francois Berar, Zlatomir Apostolov and Waltraud M. Kriven, Journal of Applied Crystallography, 43, 560-569 (2010).

“Atomic Structure of a Cesium Aluminosilicate Geopolymer: A Pair Distribution Function Study,” J. L. Bell, P. Sarin, J. L. Provis, R. P. Haggerty, P. E. Driemeyer, P. J. Chupas, J. S. J. van Deventer and W. M. Kriven, Chemistry of Materials, 20 [14] 4768-4776 (2008).

“X-ray Pair Distribution Function Analysis of Potassium Based Geopolymer,” J. L. Bell, P. Sarin, P. E. Driemeyer, R. P. Haggerty, P. J. Chupas and W. M. Kriven, J. Mater. Chem., 18 [48], 5974 - 5981 (2008).

“In-situ Studies of Oxidation of ZrB2 and ZrB2-SiC Composites at High Temperatures,” P. Sarin, P. Driemeyer, R. P. Haggerty, D.-K. Kim, J. L. Bell and W. M. Kriven, J. European Ceramic Society, 30 2375-2386 (2010).

“Effect of Transition-metal-ion doping on High Temperature Thermal Expansion of 3:2 Mullite – An In-situ, High Temperature, Synchrotron diffraction Study,” P. Sarin, W. Yoon, R. P. Haggerty, N. C. Bhorkar, C. Chiritsecu and W. M. Kriven, J. Europ. Ceram. Soc., 28 353-365 (2007).

“Toughening of Mullite/Cordierite Laminates by Transformation Weakening of b-Cristobalite Interphases,” W. M. Kriven and S. J. Lee, J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 88 [6] 1521-1528 (2005).

“Hot Stage Transmission Electron Microscopy Study of Phase Transformations in Hexacelsian (BaAl2Si2O8),” Z. Xu, J. L. Shull, and W. M. Kriven, J. Mater. Res., 17 [6] 1287-1297 (2002).

“Crystal Structure Development during Devitrification of Amorphous Mullite,” B. R. Johnson, W. M. Kriven and J. Schneider, J. Europ. Ceram. Soc., 21 2541-2562 (2001).

“Complete Elastic Tensor for Mullite (~2.5Al2O3•SiO2) to High Temperatures Measured from Textured Fibers,” J. W. Palko, A. Sayir, S. V. Sinogeikin, W. M Kriven and J. D. Bass, J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 85 [8] 2005-2012 (2002).

“On the Role of Deformation Twinning in Domain Reorganization and Reorientation in Ferroelastic Crystals,” P. Müllner and W. M. Kriven, J. Mater. Res., 7 (1997) 1771-1776.

“Displacive Phase Transformations and Their Applications in Structural Ceramics,” W. M. Kriven, J. de Physique IV, Colloque C8 vol 5 (1995), pp C8-101-110.

“Phase Transformations in Dicalcium Silicate. II: TEM Studies of Crystallography, Microstructures and Mechanisms,” Y. J. Kim, I. Nettleship and W. M. Kriven, J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 75 [9] 2407-2419 (1992).

“Possible Alternative Transformation Tougheners to Zirconia: Crystallographic Aspects,” W. M. Kriven, J. Am. Ceram. Soc. (1988) 71 [12] 1021-1030.

“The Transformation Mechanism of Spherical Zirconia Particles in Alumina”, W. M. Kriven, Advances in Ceramics, 12 (1984), 64-77.

“The Stability of Tetragonal Zirconia Particles in Ceramic Matrices”, A. H. Heuer, N. Claussen, W. M. Kriven and M. Rühle, J. Amer. Ceramic Soc., 65 [12] (1982) 642-650.

“Shear Transformations in Inorganic Materials”, W. M. Kriven, Invited review paper, published Proceedings of the International Conference on Solid to Solid Phase Transformations, Ed. H. 1. Aaronson, D. E. Laughlin, R. F. Sekerka and C. M. Wayman, (AIME), Pittsburgh, (1982) pp. 1507- 1532.

“Microstructure and Microchemistry of Fully-Reacted Geopolymers and Geopolymer Matrix Composites,” W. M. Kriven, J. L. Bell and M.Gordon, Ceramic Transactions vol. 153, 227-250 (2003).

“Geopolymer Refractories for the Glass Manufacturing Industry,” W. M. Kriven, J. L. Bell and M. Gordon, Cer. Eng. and Sci. Proc. vol. 25 [1] 57-79 (2004).

“Understanding the Relationship between Geopolymer Composition, Microstructure and Mechanical Properties,” P. Duxson, J. L. Provis, G. C. Lukey, S. W. Mallicoat, W. M. Kriven and J. S. J. van Deventer, Colloids and Surfaces A – Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects, 269 [1-3] 47-58 (2005).

“Use of Geopolymeric Cements as a Refractory Adhesive for Metal and Ceramic Joins,” J. L. Bell, M. Gordon and W. M. Kriven, Ceramic Engineering and Science Proceedings. Edited by D.-M. Zhu, K. Plucknett and W. M. Kriven, vol 26, [3] 407-413 (2005).

“Effect of Alkali and Si/Al Ratio on the Development of Mechanical Properties of Metakaolin-based Geopolymers,” P. Duxson, S. W. Mallicoat G. C. Lukey, W. M. Kriven and J. S. J. van Deventer, Colloids and Surfaces A-Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects, 292, 8-20 (2007).

“Corrosion Protection Assessment of Concrete Reinforcing Bars with a Geopolymer Coating,” W. M. Kriven, M. Gordon, B. L. Ervin and H. Reis. Cer. Eng. and Sci. Proc., 28 [9] 373-381 (2007). In Developments in Porous, Biological and Geopolymer Ceramics, edited by Manuel Brito, Eldon Case, W. M. Kriven, volume editors Jonathan Salem and Dongming Zhu, published by the American Ceramic Society.

“Atomic Structure of a Cesium Aluminosilicate Geopolymer: A Pair Distribution Function Study,” J. L. Bell, P. Sarin, J. L. Provis, R. P. Haggerty, P. E. Driemeyer, P. J. Chupas, J. S. J. van Deventer and W. M. Kriven, Chemistry of Materials, 20 [14] 4768-4776 (2008).

“X-ray Pair Distribution Function Analysis of Potassium Based Geopolymer,” J. L. Bell, P. Sarin, P. E. Driemeyer, R. P. Haggerty, P. J. Chupas and W. M. Kriven, Journal of Materials Chemistry, 18 [48], 5974 - 5981 (2008).

“Formation of Ceramics from Metakaolin-based Geopolymers: Part I. Cs-based Geopolymer,” J. L. Bell, P. E. Driemeyer and W. M. Kriven, J. Amer. Ceram. Soc., 92 [1] 1-8 (2009).

“Weakening of Alkali-Activated Metakaolin during Aging Investigated by the Molybdate Method and Infrared Absorption Spectroscopy,” C. H. Rüscher, E. Mielcarek, W. Lutz, A. Ritzmann and W. M. Kriven, J. Amer. Ceramic Society, 93 [9] 2585-2590 (2010).

“Fabrication of Structural, Leucite Glass-Ceramics from Potassium-Based Geopolymer Precursors,” N. Xie, J. L. Bell and W. M. Kriven, J. Amer. Ceram. Soc., 93 [9] 2644-2649 (2010).

“Inorganic Polysialates or “Geopolymers”, W. M. Kriven, (invited paper), American Ceramic Society Bulletin, 89 [4] 31-34 (2010).

Awards
  • Plenary speaker at Int. Conf. on Solid to Solid Phase Transformations, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, USA (1981)
  • Guest lecturer at Int. Conf. on Martensitic Transformations (ICOMAT), Summer Course on Martensitic Transformations, Leuven, Belgium, (1982).
  • Plenary speaker at Advanced Ceramics II Lecture Meeting, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Japan, (1986)
  • Plenary speaker at the Int. Ceramic Conf. and Workshop on Transformation Toughening, Sydney, Australia (1988)
  • Brunauer Award, American Ceramic Society (1988, 1991)
  • Plenary speaker at Int. Conf. on Solid to Solid Phase Transformations in Inorganic Materials ’94, Pittsburgh, USA (1994)
  • Plenary speaker at Austceram ‘94, Int. Ceramics Conference, Sydney, Australia (1994)
  • Plenary speaker at Festive Symposium in honor of Professor T. Mitsuda of the Nagoya Institute of Technology, Nagoya, Japan (1995)
  • Plenary speaker at Int. Conf. on Martensitic Transformations (ICOMAT 95), Lausanne, Switzerland (1995).
  • Fellow, American Ceramic Society (1995)
  • Invited speaker at Symposium to honor Professor Jack Christian on his 70th birthday, University of Oxford, UK, (1996)
  • Sabbatical Scholar, Ludwig Maximilians Universitat, Institute for Crystallography and Applied Mineralogy, Munich, Germany (1997)
  • Plenary speaker at Int. Workshop on Oxide/Oxide Composites, Irsee, Germany, (1998)
  • Plenary speaker at Australian Int. Conf. on Ceramics (Austceram 2000), Sydney Australia, (2000)
  • Plenary speaker at Int. Conf. on Materials Science and Technology, Cairo, Egypt (2001)
  • Guest lecturer giving a two-day seminar series at Seoul National University, Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul, Korea, (2002)
  • Plenary speaker at National Workshop on Sample Environments for Neutron Scattering Experiments (SENSE), Tallahassee, Florida, USA, (2003)
  • Plenary speaker at NATO Advanced Research Workshop on Fuel Cell Technologies: State and Perspectives, Kyiv, Ukraine, (2004)
  • Plenary speaker at First Workshop of the Korea Basic Science Institute, High Voltage Electron Microscope User Workshop, at Daejeon, Korea, (2004)
  • Academician, World Academy of Ceramics (2004)
  • Elected to Strathmore's Who's Who, lifetime member (2005)
  • Elected to America's registry of Outstanding Professionals, lifetime member (2005)
  • Chair of the Engineering Ceramics Division, American Ceramic Society (2005-2006)
  • Member of the Int. Editorial Advisory Committee, Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society (2000-present)
  • Plenary speaker at Geopolymer 2005, Int. Conf. on Geopolymers, St. Quentin, France, (2005)
  • Plenary speaker at Int. Workshop on Geopolymers, Perth, WA, Australia (2005)
  • Plenary Speaker at 3rd Int. Conf. on Alkali Activated Materials, Prague, Czech Republic (2007)
  • Plenary Speaker at 4th Int. Conf. on Advanced Materials (ICAMP-4), Sydney, Australia (2007)